The World Health Organization (WHO) has warned that reports of “black rain” in Iran following strikes on oil facilities could pose serious health risks, particularly respiratory problems. The agency supported advice issued by Iranian authorities urging residents to stay indoors as polluted rain and smoke spread across affected areas.
According to WHO officials, the organisation has received several reports this week of rain contaminated with oil particles. The phenomenon occurred after an oil refinery near Tehran was struck, sending thick black smoke into the air and worsening air pollution in the capital.
WHO spokesperson Christian Lindmeier said the black, acidic rain could harm the population, mainly by affecting breathing. He added that the strikes on oil storage sites and refineries have triggered fires and released dangerous pollutants into the atmosphere.
Experts say the attacks have caused a large discharge of toxic substances such as hydrocarbons, sulfur oxides and nitrogen compounds. Exposure to these pollutants can lead to headaches, irritation of the skin and eyes, and breathing difficulties. Prolonged exposure may also raise the risk of certain cancers.
Scientists explained that the “black rain” likely formed when rainfall mixed with smoke and particles already present in the air due to the fires. Akshay Deoras, a research scientist at the University of Reading, said the incident highlighted the seriousness of the pollution. He noted that the greater risk comes from continued exposure to toxic air, which people can reduce by staying indoors, wearing masks, and covering their skin when outside.
He added that limited data is currently available on air quality in the region, but forecasts suggest dry weather for the rest of the week, which may gradually improve conditions unless further strikes occur that release more pollutants.